Metal window frame and sash.



No. 65u23. Patented'mne 5, |900. H. c. SMITH.

METAL WINDOW FRAME AND SASH. (Application led Aug. 24, 1899.)

,III ,III I m n! mv i u (No Model.)

Patented lune 5, |900..

H. c. SMITH, METAL WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

(Applic'ation led Aug. 24, 1899.)

(No Model.)

Sheets-Sheet 2.

v lllvlillllnifll man..

www? l l I Nrrnn STATES PATENT unica.

HENRY C. SMITH, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

METAL WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

s'rEoIFIciTIoN forming part' of Letters Patent No. 651,123, dated June 5, 1900.

Application filed August 24,1899. Serial No. '7 28;(125. (No model.)

To @ZZ wtom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY C. SMITH, a citizen of theUnited States, residingat Somerville, inthe county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metal Window Frames and Sashes, of which the following is a'full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to the metal windowframe and window-sash and means for hanging the sashes hereinafter described. It is especially adapted for use in manufacturing and commercial buildings.

Referring to the drawings, Figure lis a vertical section of my improved window frame and sash. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. .tis a perspective view of a portion of the frame. Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a portion of the sash-rail. Fig. 6 is a detail.

In the drawings, Arepresents oneA of the sides of the window-frame, B the sill, and C the top or head of the frame. The side sections are alike in construction. Each is made, preferably, of a single piece of sheet metal, which is shaped or formed to provide first the flanges a a neareach edge of the section and which extend from the inner side of the section preferably, at a right angle thereto, and which are embedded in the masonry of the wall or attached to wooden furrin gs if the wall be of wood, and they serve to anchor and stay the frame in position. The piece is also shaped to provide the inner molding azand the outer molding a3, the surfaces a4 a5 of which bear against the faces of the masonry or of a casing of wood, and the outer or exposed surfaces of these moldings may be of any desired conguration. The molding a3 also has a face a, which acts as anfouter stop or iiange, against which the outer window-sash bears. The side section also has formed from the piece the deep shallow recesses a7 as, which extend the full length of thesection and receive guiding rails or pieces C O2, respectively, the rst attached to the upper windowsash and the second to the lower window-sash. These guiding-pieces are preferably of thin bar-i ron, and they extend into the recesses a7 as very nearly to the bottom thereof, and they furnish means by which the sashes are atkfrom thev side rail of each sash for the purpose of permitting the sashes to be placed in the frame and the engagement between the sashes and the frame by the'flanges to then be made. Each side rail D of the sash having one of these ange -pieces is provided with a deep recess d, opening on the edge and of sufficient depth to permit the flange-piece to be entirely contained therein, so that its outward edge shall not project from the outer edge of the rail. This permits the flangepiece to be housed, so to speak, in the outer rail preparatory to mounting the window-sash in the frame. After the sash has been placed in the frame the flange-piece is moved outward from the side rail to enter one of the recesses of the frame.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the flange-piece in dotted lines as housed and in full lines as moved outward to engage the window-sash with the frame. To move the flange-piece outward after the sash has been placed in the frame, I have provided each flange-piece with one or more inclined slots o, (preferably two are used,) and have extended through each slot a pin o', fast tothe window-sash, and by moving the liange-piece vertically upward it is caused to be moved at the same time outwardly and to enter the frame-recess. On the other hand, by moving the vflange-piece downward it is moved inward in its pocket d. When the flange-piece has been moved upward and outward, it exposes at its upper end a hole e, which is adapted to receive one end of a balancing tape or cord E, which extends therefrom upward about a fixed pulley e and then downward and has its other end fastened to the upper end of the flange-piece of the other sash. When the flanges are used upon one side only of thesashes, the other chain or cord of the two necessary for hanging the sashes has its ends connected directly IOO with the sashes. By this construction it will be seen that one sash serves to balance the other sash, as the tape or cords connect the upper bars or sections of the two sashes, and if one sash is lighter than the other it may be weighted to balance the other. This maybe done by the addition of a weight or the addi tion of spring-pressure to bear against one or the other of the two sashes, and when it is desired that the Windows automatically close in case of iire it will be necessary to make the` lower sash heavier than the upper sash and to then hold the upper sash open by any device which shall be caused to become inoperative for that purpose upon the presence of the heat of the re. One Way of accomplishing this I have represented in Fig. 2, Where I have shown a spring attached to the sash and arranged to bear against the side of the frame with sufficient stress to hold both sashes open in any position to which they may be moved. This spring I have lettered E', and it is shown (partly in dotted lines) as a bow leaf-spring, which is attached to the upper part of the upper sash at e by a solder fusible at a relatively-low temperature. Normally it presses against the side of the frame and holds the sash in place; lbut when the fusing temperature of the solder is reached the spring becomes detached from the sash and the material weight of the lower sash will then cause it not only to drop and close, but will also enable it to litt and close the upper sash.

It will be seen that each side section of the frame is or" one thickness of metal and forms a cavity open at the back, and I prefer that this entire cavity shall be filled with mortar or cement, preferably after the frame has been set in place, and in the drawings A represents the mortal' or cement in said cavity. The side sections of the frame are connected together by the sill 1B. This is also made of one piece of metal shaped to the configuration of a 4usual wooden sill-that is, it has the inner side b, the outer side b, the front stop b2, andthe inclined portion b3. It is joined at its ends to the lower ends of the side pieces by riveting or in any other desired way, and its cavity h4 is also preferably filled with brick, mortar, cement, or other non-combustible material. The upper ends of the side sections of the frame are connected by the head C. This is also made of one piece of metal and has any desired configuration. The side sections of the frame are riveted or otherwise united to it, and it is stittened by cross-stays c, which are riveted to the inner side c4, the outer side c3, and bottom c5. It is open at its top, and its cavity e8 is tilled with brick, mortar, cement, or other non-combustible, if desired. It is preferably provided with inward-extending sections c7 c7 from its upper corners to provide a surface upon which the mortar may be laid to form a joint between it and the wood or brick work above it.

The side rail of each window-sash bearing the flange-piece C is preferably formed, as represented in Fig. 3, of three pieces ot' flat metal plate d d2 cl3. The piece d forms the outer vertical side ofthe rail and is also shaped with the deep recess d. The piece d2 forms bot-h the outer and inner faces of the rail and the inner side of the rail. It is also shaped to provide the glass shoulder d4 and to form a section of a joint d5, to which the glass-retainer (Z3 is secured. It is united at d6 by any suitable joint with the outer edge plate d. The piece d3 forms a glass-retainer and is united to the piece d?, as above specified and as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. It is detachably secured to said plate, its flange (Z7 being adapted to enter a receiving-recess da, formed in said plate d' and upon the inner face thereof or the face opposite the shoulder d4. The side rails of the sash are connected at their upper and lower ends with the cross-rails, preferably by riveting, and these rails are preferably made of metal plates of substantially the shape of the side rails without the pocket. It only one iiange-piece is used for each sash, the other side rail will be made Without the pocket (l, and the piece CZ' would then have formed on it an outward-extending integral tongue d, (see Fig. 6,) which enters thel re cess a7 of the section of the window-frame on that side. j

The advantages of the invention arise from Qthe simplicity and the cheapness of the construction and also from its fireproof character and from the manner of hanging the windowsashes,whereby weights are dispensed with as well as holes through the side sections of the sash-frames and solid tireproof frames provided and cavities within the same and also the automatic closing of the sashes in case of fire. I would further say that the construction vpermits of the use of Window- `frames having very narrow side sections, and thus enables Wider sashes to be used, thus increasing the lighting eiiiciency of the Windows as compared with frames and sashes of the same Width where` the sashes are hung by weights in the ordinary Way.

Having thus fully described my invention, I `claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United StatesM l. In a metallic windoW-casingthe side sections of the frame having the stop-bead a and theguiding-recesses a7, as, as and for the purposes described.

2. In a metallic window-casing the side sections made from a single thickness of sheet metal, shaped to provide the anchoring ends a, d', an outer molding, the stop-bead a, the guiding-recesses a7, da and the moldings a, d2, as and forthe purposes described.

3.V A metallic window-sash provided with side rails having a deep recess in one or both of said rails extending tothe edge of the rail and a `Hat metal plate or tongue adapted to be contained in whole or in part in said recess IOO TIO

and to be moved outward therefrom and to be locked to the sash in its said last-named position, as and for the purposes described.

4. A metallic window-sash provided with side rails having a deep recess in one or both of said rails extending to the edge of the rail and a fiat metal plate or tongue adapted to be contained `in whole or in part in said recess and to be moved outward therefrom and to be locked to the sash in its said last-named position, in combination with a windowframe having in its side section a vertical recess or recesses into which a part of said metal plate or tongue is adapted to enter when moved outward from the sash-rail, and which plate or tongue is movable with the sash and serves to attach the sash to the casing.

5. The combination of the window sash having a vertical recess in its end rail, a metal plate ortongue contained in said recess,means for moving said plate or tongue outwardly from said sash comprising the pins c extending across the recess and inclined slots c in the plate or tongue through which the pins extend, and whereby a slight upward movement of said plate or tonguein its recess also causes its outward movement. A

6. The combination of the metallic windowsashes, extension tongues or plates movable laterally from the side rails thereof tomake engagement with the window-frame and sash cords or chains attached by their ends to the said sashes and passing over pulleys at or near the top of the frame, whereby one sash is caused in whole or in part to balance the other.

7 The combination of the metallic windowsashes, metallic extension-plates upon one or both sides thereof which are moved outward therefrom to make engagement with the window-frame upon aslight vertical movement thereof, window cords or chains connecting the extension-pieces of one sash with those of the other, pulleys over which said cord or chain extends, the weight of the sashes on said cords or chains serving to maintain the extension-pieces in their outermost or frameengaging position, as and for the purposes described.

8. The combination of two metal sashes, one of which is heavier than the other, and which are connected together by sash cords or chains so that one partially balances the other, and a friction-spring attached to one of the window-sashes to bear against the window-frame to act as a means for maintaining an equilibrium between the two sashes, the said spring being operative by solder which is fusible at a relatively-low temperature, and whereby upon the release of the spring the heavier sash will then overbalance the other sash and cause both to automatically closes.

9. The combination in a window-sash of a side rail made of three pieces of metal7 one of which forms the outer edge and a deep recess, the other of which forms the two sides,- inner edge and shoulder and a section of a joint for holding a glass-retainer, and which is interlooked with the rst-named piece, and the third of which is a glass-'retainer and a section of a joint combining with the jointsection of the second piece.

HENRY C. SMITH. In presence of J. M. DoLAN, L. A. WALSH. 

